Judaism

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Articles

  • The history of Jewish Christianity in the early Roman Empire (30-135 A.D.)

    The history of Jewish Christianity is a very tragic one. During the first few years of its existence, it enjoyed an enormous growth in numbers, both in Jerusalem and in the rest of Judaea and Samaria. The early Jewish Christians of the Jerusalem Church were respected both by their countrymen and...
  • Female leadership in the ancient synagogue

    Jewish women in the ancient Mediterranean lived side by side with communities in which women carried out religious functions, including ritual functions, for example, as high priestesses of the imperial cult and female functionaries in the Isis religion. Similarly, Christian women at this time acted...
  • The Cyrus Cylinder

    The Cyrus Cylinder is a document issued by Cyrus the Great, consisting of a cylinder of clay inscribed in Akkadian cuneiform script. The cylinder was created in 539 BC, surely by order of Cyrus the Great, when he took Babylon from Nabonidus, ending the Neo-Babylonian empire. This document is clearly propaganda...
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Torah Map of Jewish Deportations
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Timeline

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  • c. 1000 BC
    Tentative date of the composition of the Torah's J source.
  • c. 900 BC
    Tentative date of the composition of the Torah's E(?) source.
  • c. 621 BC
    Tentative date of the composition of the Torah's D source.
  • 597 BC - 587 BC
    Jews are deported to Babylonia.
  • 587 BC - 539 BC
    Jewish exile in Babylonia. Old Testament is written.
  • 539 BC
    Fall of Babylon, conquered by Cyrus of Persia. Return of the Jews.
  • 539 BC - c. 330 BC
    Tentative date of the redactional (=editorial) activity of the Torah's P source.
  • c. 250 BC
    Torah is translated into Greek in Alexandria, Egypt.
  • 132 AD - 135 AD
    Jewish revolt of Bar Kokhba.